Sciences Po series in international relations and political economy - Laruelle Marlene / Ларюэль Марлен - In the name of the nation: nationalism and politics in contemporary Russia / Во имя нации: национализм и политика в современной [2009, PDF, ENG]

In the Name of the Nation: Nationalism and Politics in Contemporary Russia, by Marlene laruelle. Palgrave Macmillan, 2009, 264 pp. $85.00.
Nationalism crosses the minds of many observers when they think about the most prominent forces affecting contemporary Russiaan unhealthy, chest-thumping, aggrieved sentiment whipped up by overzealous
oliticians. That is not Laruelle's take. She sees nationalism as a natural, albeit conflicted, mix of symbols and notions that society uses to stake out a workable identity and that politicians use to connect with society. She makes her case by surveying the nationalist urgings in Russia in three political clusters: parties at either extreme of the spectrum that eschew participation in the conventional political process; opposition parties that do take part in the system but favor populist appeals, such as the Communist Party and the Liberal Democratic Party; and the dominant party, United Russia, the bearer of Prime Minister Vladimir Putins vision. She also fits in the Russian Orthodox Church and the military. In her careful reconstruction, important differences exist between these contending nation alisms, but they ultimately all yield to xenophobia and patriotism for now, the common denominator.

Cover 1
Contents 6
Previous Publications 9
Introduction 10
One: Nationalism: A Means of Taking up the Challenges? 22
A Specific Historical Context: Russia Since 1991 23
Russia's Complex Political Agenda in the 1990s 24
Vladimir Putin and the So-called Revival of the State 27
Managing Contradictory Logics: Charismatic Leader or Party Legitimacy? 32
The Fluctuations of Russian Foreign Policy 38
Xenophobia: A Mass Phenomenon in Russia 44
Assessing Popular Support for Nationalist Radicalism 45
A Sociological Given on the Rise 48
Xenophobia in Political and Social Milieus 52
Economic and Symbolic Issues of Xenophobic Sensibilities 55
Two: Nationalism as Opposition: The Extra-parliamentary Camp 58
The So-called Radical Right: A Multifaceted Reality 59
The First Institutions of Post-Soviet Reconciliation 60
The Distribution of the Ideological Field in the 1990s 61
The Leading Movements of Political Radicalism: The RNU and the NBP 64
Restructuration of Extra-parliamentary Nationalism in the 2000s 67
Seeking Social Mobilization: The Skinhead Phenomenon 69
Birth, Structuration, and Politicization of the Skinhead Movement 70
A Sociological Approach to Skinhead Milieus 72
Radicalization of Violence in the 2000s 74
The Ambiguous Attitude of the Political Authorities 76
An Absence of Judicial Response 77
Anti-immigration: The Long-Awaited Ideological Consensus? 80
The Kremlin's Obsessive Fight Against the National Bolsheviks 81
Formulating a New Strategy: The Movement Against Illegal Immigration 83
Reconciliation Embodied? The Phenomenon of the Russian March 88
Three: Nationalism as Populism: The Protestation Parties 94
The "Constructive Opposition": The CPRF and the LDPR 95
Rebirth, Structure, and Weakening of the Communist Party 96
The Difficult Building of "Neo-Communism" 99
The CPRF's Ideological Matrices: State and Orthodox Symphony 102
The LDPR: Scope and Limits of Populist Protest 105
Vladimir Zhirinovski or Assumed Imperialism? 107
Rodina: The New Face of Right-Thinking Nationalism 111
A Complex Political Journey: Loyalty or Opposition? 112
The Ideological Kaleidoscope of Rodina and Its Multiple Subgroups 116
Rodina's Programmatic Discourse and Parliamentary Activities 121
Four: Nationalism as Conservative Centrism: United Russia 128
The Rebirth of Patriotism Under the Auspices of the Kremlin 129
1994–1995: Decreasing Political Polarization 129
1996: The First Call for a New National Ideology 131
Alexander Lebed: Man of the "Third Way"? 134
1996–1999: The Rise of the Pioneers of Patriotic Centrism 136
The 1999–2000 Elections and the Building of a Hegemonic Party 140
A Presidential Party on the Search for an Ideology? 143
The Legacy of the CPSU: Controlling all the Levers of the State 145
A Propaganda Tool: The Evropa Publishing House 148
Patriotism Versus Nationalism in Presidential Discourse 151
Vladislav Surkov: Father of the Idea of Sovereign Democracy 154
An Absence of Doctrine in Identity Issues? 157
Five: Nationalism as Social Consensus: The Patriotic Brand 162
Officializing National Pride through Patriotism 163
The Restoration of Tsarist and Soviet Symbols 164
Consensus through Commemoration 166
Promoting Symbolic Capital: Instrumental Orthodoxy 169
The Patriarchate: An Ideologically Divided Institution 170
The Difficult Relations Between the Orthodox Church and the State 175
Nonfunctional Patriotic Alliances Between the Church, the Army, and the School 179
The Army as a Metaphor for the Nation 184
State Programs for Patriotic Education 186
Flagship Institutions of Militarized Patriotism 189
The Publications of the Defense Ministry and the Security Services 191
Cultural Ways of Promoting Militarized Patriotism 194
Mass Focus on the Second World War and the Rehabilitation of Stalin 197
Conclusion 202
Notes 214
Bibliography 242
Index 258
A 258
B 258
C 258
D 259
E 259
F 259
G 259
H 259
I 259
J 260
K 260
L 260
M 260
N 261
O 261
P 261
R 261
S 262
T 262
U 262
V 262
W 262
X 262
Y 263
Z 263