Model-Based Software Testing and Analysis with C#
Год: 2008
Авторы: Jonathan Jacky, Margus Veanes, Colin Campbell, Wolfram Schulte
Жанр: Тестирование ПО
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521687614
Язык: Английский
Формат: PDF
Качество: Изначально компьютерное (eBook)
Количество страниц: 349
Описание:
This book teaches model-based analysis and model-based testing, with important new ways to write and analyze software specifications and designs, generate test cases, and check the results of test runs. These methods increase the automation in each of these steps, making them more timely, more thorough, and more effective. Using a familiar programming language, testers and analysts will learn to write models that describe how a program is supposed to behave. The authors work through several realistic case studies in depth and detail, using a toolkit built on the C# language and the .NET framework. Readers can also apply the methods in analyzing and testing systems in many other languages and frameworks. Intended for professional software developers including testers, and for university students, this book is suitable for courses on software engineering, testing, specification, or applications of formal methods.
Оглавление
1.1 Model programs 4
1.2 Model-based analysis 5
1.3 Model-based testing 7
1.4 Model programs in the software process 8
1.5 Syllabus 11
2 WhyWe Need Model-Based Testing 13
2.1 Client and server 13
2.2 Protocol 14
2.3 Sockets 15
2.4 Libraries 15
2.5 Applications 20
2.6 Unit testing 23
2.7 Some simple scenarios 25
2.8 A more complex scenario 27
2.9 Failures in the field 28
2.10 Failures explained 29
2.11 Lessons learned 29
2.12 Model-based testing reveals the defect 30
2.13 Exercises 31
3 WhyWe Need Model-Based Analysis 32
3.1 Reactive system 32
3.2 Implementation 34
3.3 Unit testing 41
3.4 Failures in simulation 44
3.5 Design defects 46
3.6 Reviews and inspections, static analysis 47
3.7 Model-based analysis reveals the design errors 47
3.8 Exercises 52
4 Further Reading 53
5 Model Programs 57
5.1 States, actions, and behavior 57
5.2 Case study: user interface 59
5.3 Preliminary analysis 61
5.4 Coding the model program 64
5.5 Simulation 70
5.6 Case study: client/server 72
5.7 Case study: reactive program 82
5.8 Other languages and tools 92
5.9 Exercises 93
6 Exploring and Analyzing Finite Model
6.1 Finite state machines 94
6.2 Exploration 99
6.3 Analysis 106
6.4 Exercise 114
7 Structuring Model Programs with Features and
7.1 Scenario control 115
7.2 Features 117
7.3 Composition 121
7.4 Choosing among options for scenario control 129
7.5 Composition for analysis 131
7.6 Exercises 136
8 Testing Closed Systems 137
8.1 Offline test generation 137
8.2 Traces and terms 139
8.3 Test harness 142
8.4 Test execution 146
8.5 Limitations of offline testing 147
8.6 Exercises 148
9 Further Reading 150
10 Modeling Systems with Structured State 155
10.1 “Infinite” model programs 155
10.2 Types for model programs 157
10.3 Compound values 157
10.4 Case study: revision control system 169
10.5 Exercises 181
11 Analyzing Systems with Complex State 183
11.1 Explorable model programs 183
11.2 Pruning techniques 186
11.3 Sampling 190
11.4 Exercises 190
12 Testing Systems with Complex State 191
12.1 On-the-fly testing 192
12.2 Implementation, model and stepper 194
12.3 Strategies 199
12.4 Coverage-directed strategies 203
12.5 Advanced on-the-fly settings 210
12.6 Exercises 218
13 Further Reading 219
14 Compositional Modeling 223
14.1 Modeling protocol features 223
14.2 Motivating example: a client/server protocol 224
14.3 Properties of model program composition 241
14.4 Modeling techniques using composition and
features 245
14.5 Exercises 246
15 Modeling Objects 247
15.1 Instance variables as field maps 247
15.2 Creating instances 249
15.3 Object IDs and composition 253
15.4 Harnessing considerations for objects 254
15.5 Abstract values and isomorphic states 256
15.6 Exercises 257
16 Reactive Systems 259
16.1 Observable actions 259
16.2 Nondeterminism 261
16.3 Asynchronous stepping 264
16.4 Partial explorability 265
16.5 Adaptive on-the-fly testing 268
16.6 Partially ordered runs 272
16.7 Exercises 274
17 Further Reading 275
A Modeling Library Reference 281
A.1 Attributes 282
A.2 Data types 292
A.3 Action terms 306
B Command Reference 308
B.1 Model program viewer, mpv 308
B.2 Offline test generator, otg 311
B.3 Conformance tester, ct 312
C Glossar y 315
Bibliography 333
Index 341
